Snapshot data were compared to Sanger sequencing data. Of the 110 samples, 51(46.4%) harbored at least one mutation. The mutation frequency in adenocarcinoma specimens was 55.6%, and the frequencies of EGFR, KRAS, PIK3 CA, PTEN, and MEK1 mutations were 35.5%, 9.1%, 3.6%,

0.9%, and 0.9%, respectively. No mutation was found in the HER2, NRAS, or BRAF genes. Three of the 51 mutant samples harbored double mutations: two PIK3 CA mutations coexisted with KRAS or EGFR mutations, and another KRAS mutation coexisted with a PTEN mutation. Among the 110 samples, 47 were surgical specimens, 60 were biopsy specimens, and 3 were cytological specimens; the corresponding mutation frequencies were 51.1%, 41.7%, and 66.7%, respectively(P = 0.532). Compared to Sanger sequencing, Snapshot specificity

was 98.4% and sensitivity was 100%(positive predictive ABT263 value, 97.9%; negative predictive value, 100%). The Snapshot assay is a sensitive and easily customized assay for multigene mutation testing in clinical practice.
肺癌是病死率最高的恶性肿瘤,许多肺癌患者发现时已是晚期,丧失了手术机会,以化疗为主的内科治疗在肺癌的治疗中扮演着重要角色。近年来,以表皮生长因子受体等为靶点的靶向药物研制取得重大进展,有些药物已经应用于临床并取得了满意的效果。许多潜在靶点和药物也在世界范围内研究和开发中。现综述肺癌靶向治疗的研究进展。
目的:回顾性分析肺炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤的临床病理特点、诊治现状及预后。方法:选取2009-01-01-2012-12-31河北医科大学第四医院7例因患肺炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤而入院治疗患者,对其临床症状、影像学表现、病理特征及随访资料进行分析。结果:共7例肺炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤患者,占同期胸外科手术的0.078%(7/8 有 968)。男3例,女4例。年龄23~71岁,平均年龄48.1岁。有呼吸道症状者3例,其余患者均为体检发现,病变位于左上叶者4例,左下叶者2例,右下叶者1例。病灶呈周围型3例,中心型3例,浸润生长1例;术前诊断考虑为癌或癌可能性大的5例,考虑为良性病变者1例,术前明确诊断为肺炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤者1例;本组7例均行手术治疗,其中肺楔形切除2例,肺段切除1例,肺叶切除4例,术后病理诊断均未发现肺门淋巴结转移。所有7例均在定期随访中,1例术后9个月发现纵膈、对侧肺及心包的转移,于术后17个月死亡,其余患者未发现复发或转移。结论:肺炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤是肺部少见的肿瘤,具有一定的异质性,术前明确诊断困难,手术完全切除是首选治疗,多数患者预后良好。
肺癌是中国发病率及死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤。肿瘤细胞在驱动基因的作用下持续生长,并对该驱动基因的抑制剂具有高敏感性。近年来,针对驱动基因的检测技术不断发展,相应的驱动基因靶向药物也层出不穷。本文主要从中国肺癌的驱动基因、驱动基因的检测及针对驱动基因的靶向治疗3个方面进行综述,并展望中国肺癌驱动基因的应用前景。
对非小细胞肺癌分子病理学的深入理解,有助于开展个性化临床治疗和预后。基因检测可以指导非小细胞肺癌靶向药物治疗,提升药物疗效,延长患者生存期。本文简要介绍了与非小细胞肺癌相关的EGFR基因和EML4-ALK融合基因检测方法的研究进展。
蛋白酪氨酸激酶是一类具有酪氨酸激酶活性的蛋白质,其异常表达与肿瘤的侵袭、转移以及肿瘤新生血管的生成等密切相关。以蛋白酪氨酸激酶作为靶点的药物研究已取得了突破性进展,目前已有二十余个小分子蛋白酪氨酸激酶抑制剂用于临床肿瘤的治疗,并有大量的抑制剂处于临床前和临床研究阶段。对近年来小分子蛋白酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的研究进展进行了综述。
医学科技日新月异,20世纪70年代随着单克隆抗体技术的发展,在病理学上开展了免疫组织化学(IHC),其把人们从传统病理组织学(形态学)推向蛋白质水平(抗原、抗体的定性和定位),在现代病理诊断中的应用日益广泛,尤其在肿瘤诊断与鉴别中起着非常重要的作用,对于诊断肿瘤、肿瘤分类、判断预后产生了巨大的影响,扩展了对各种疾病及肿瘤形成过程的认识,提高了病理诊断与研究水平。近来肿瘤的分子病理诊断及靶向治疗的意义成为研究热点。
Gastric

MS275 cancer represents a serious health problem on a global scale. It is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Novel therapeutic targets are desperately needed because the meager improvement in the cure rate of about 10% realized by adjunctive treatments to surgery is unacceptable as > 50% patients with localized gastric cancer succumb to their disease.