05),大鼠精子密度和精子活率以及快速前向运动精子率(A级)、满速前向运动精子率(B级)显著上升(P<0.05),睾丸CYP19水平均显著升高(P0.05);与模型组相比,正常+阻滞组和模型+阻滞剂组TGF-β1均有降低(P0.05)。结论:TGF-βR1在睾丸表达异常与肾阳虚不育模型大鼠精子质量提高和血清性激素水平改变有关。
Multiple MK-1775分子重量 myeloma is a hematological malignancy inwhich clonal plasma cells proliferate and accumulate within the bone marrow. The presence of osteolytic le-sions due to increased osteoclast(OC)

activity and sup-pressed osteoblast(OB) function is characteristic of the disease. The bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs) play a critical role in multiple myeloma patho-physiology, greatly promoting the growth, survival, drug resistance and migration of myeloma cells. Here, we specifically discuss on the relative contribution of MSCs to the pathophysiology of osteolytic lesions in light of the current knowledge of the biology of my-eloma bone disease(MBD), together with the reported genomic, functional Lumacaftor供应商 and gene expression differences between MSCs derived from myeloma patients(pMSCs) and their healthy counterparts(dMSCs). Being MSCs the progenitors of OBs, pMSCs primarily contribute to the pathogenesis of MBD because of their reduced osteogenic potential consequence of multiple OB inhibi-tory factors and direct interactions with myeloma cells in the bone marrow. Importantly, pMSCs also readily contribute

to MBD by promoting OC formation and ac-tivity at various levels(i.e., increasing RANKL to OPG expression,

augmenting secretion of activin A, uncou-pling ephrinB2-EphB4 signaling, and through augment-ed production of Wnt5a), thus further contributing to OB/OC uncoupling in osteolytic lesions. In this review, we also look over main signaling pathways involved in the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and/or OB activity, highlighting amenable therapeutic targets; in parallel, the reported activity ROCK 抑制剂 of bone-anabolic agents(at preclinical or clinical stage) targeting those signaling pathways is commented.
目的研究黄芪甲苷(As-IV)对高糖诱导人肾小球系膜细胞(HMC)损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法用HMC为目的细胞,实验分为正常对照组、甘露醇对照组、高糖组、Tempol(100μmol/L)组、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)阻断剂SB431542(10μmol/L)组与As-IV(25、50、100μmol/L)组。各组细胞培养48 h后,用MTT法检测HMC增殖状况,二氢二氯荧光素(DCFH-DA)法检测细胞内活性氧(ROS)含量,ELISA法检测细胞上清液中IV型胶原(ColⅣ)的表达,Western blot法检测细胞中转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、pSmad2/3、NADPH氧化酶4(NOX4)、瞬时受体电位阳离子通道蛋白6(TRPC6)蛋白的表达。结果与高糖组比较,Tempol组、SB431542组、As-IV 25、50、100μmol/L组均能显著抑制高糖诱导的细胞增殖,减少细胞内ROS及上清液中ColⅣ的含量,降低高糖诱导细胞内TGF-β1、p-Smad2/3、NOX4蛋白的高表达,并提高TRPC6蛋白的表达(P<0.05,P
Pancreatic cancer has become the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the last two decades. Only 3%-15% of patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer had 5 year survival rate. Drug resistance, high metastasis, poor prognosis and tumour relapse contributed to the malignancies and difficulties in treating pancreatic cancer.